Analysis of A Rose for Emily, by William Faulkner and The...

In the short stories â€Å"A Rose for Emily† written by William Faulkner and â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†Ã¢â‚¬  written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, the protagonists experience mental illness, loneliness, feelings of being in control of their lives, and feelings of being insane. Both main characters struggle against male domination and control. The two stories take place in the late 1800’s - early 1900’s, a time where men’s place in society was superior to that of women. Each story was written from a different perspective and life experiences. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† was written by a man and told in third personal narration, while â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was written by a female and told in first person. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily† Miss Emily Grierson faces the†¦show more content†¦The two cousins are forced to leave by Miss Emily with help from the townsfolk who could not stand the cousins. Homer is seen sneaking back into the house once the cousins are gone, and Miss Emily is not going to let him leave her again. Her insanity has driven her to the point that she poisons him one evening and lies in an embrace with him. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† tells of the journey into insanity (brought on by postpartum depression?) of a physician’s wife. Persuaded by her husband that there is nothing wrong with her, only temporary nervous depression, a diagnosis that is confirmed by her brother( Gilman, 647). What is telling is that she suspects perhaps her husband John is the reason she does not get well faster. She and/or we are led to believe that they have rented a colonial mansion for the summer for her to get well. She is however isolated in a home three miles from the village and on an island. (Gilman, 648). She wants to stay in the downstairs room with roses and pretty things, but her husband insists on the room at the top of the house ostensibly because it has room for two beds. But the room’s description of barred windows and walls with rings and things in them (Gilman, 648) could leads the reader one to conclude that this is his own private asylum, and not â€Å"a nursery first and then a playroom and gymnasium† (Gilman, 648) as the woman believes. It is this room, and more precisely the wallpaper in the room

Cultural Capital Needed For Gain Upward Social Mobility

As a student from a working-class background, I did not have access to the type of cultural capital needed to gain upward social mobility. For example, I come from a family that has had no formal education beyond high school and so I was without the knowledge of how to gain access into the realm of higher education. My family had never gone through the application process and so they did not know how to access and utilize the college help that my school provided. Also, my high school only had fourteen counselors available to provide assistance to the 4,263 students that attended the school (Illinois Report Card 2010). This counselor-to-student ration meant that not much time could be devoted to each student to give them the help they needed to navigate the complex college application system (Civil Rights Data 2009, Illinois Report Card 2010). During my time in high school, I never actually spoke to any of the counselors about college plans and I was not even aware that they could hel p in that area. In the following sections I detail how the cultural capital borrowed or learned from scholarship programs and cultural mentors ultimately impact a student’s upward mobility most. Exclusive scholarship programs can act as a tool that helps move a working-class student beyond the achievement levels of their parents. These programs do so by exposing students to privileged knowledge, skills, and strategies that they would not access to otherwise. Lareau and Horvat define these typesShow MoreRelatedThe American Dream938 Words   |  4 Pagessociety where upward mobility is possible for everyone† (â€Å"American Dream Definition,† 2013). Additionally, the American Dream can be achieved through persistence and hard work. In my opinion, the Investopedia definition is one of the most accurate available, because it takes into account that America is a stratified country. The more I learn about the struggles of the working and lower class, the more I feel the American Dream is harder to obtain. I would consider my social class to be middleRead MoreIs The American Meritocracy Necessary? An Elite Selection Mechanism?2392 Words   |  10 Pagesopportunity to achieve upward mobility as long as they put their head down and work hard. The American Dream was created to serve all people. The American meritocracy was not. When considering who the American meritocracy serves, its is imperative to reflect on how it was created. The modern meritocracy began forming in the early twentieth century with the rise of standardized testing. Headed by the Henry Chauncey and James Bryant Conant, a new method of determining social position was growing inRead MoreA Look at Working Women: The Beginning and the Road Blocks Essays1557 Words   |  7 Pagesdue to the need of two incomes or the freedom to put off childbirth until later, the door to employment for women in the job market was open for acceptance. Another social phenomena came to the forefront. Divorced women, who were single parents and now needed to financially support themselves and their children. These women needed to enter the workforce (p.9). Since women were largely kept out of higher education opportunities, meant they were relegated to low-wage, low education entry level positionsRead MoreEssay on Theoretical Perspective on Education2216 Word s   |  9 Pagesthat the educational structure does not offer females the equal sort of opportunities for upward mobility, the same as it does for males. This is a form of sex inequity being applied in the education system affect women both for the duration of and after their educational practices Social stratification Theory First of all it is important to understand that in the whole world Gender is the basis of social stratification. We can see gender difference is all spheres of society (Huber 1990) .PeopleRead MorePoverty3270 Words   |  14 Pagesmotivation level. A large section of poor children do not go to school. Even if they go they become drop outs and fail to complete education Gender Discrimination Women and men are equally important for the growth and development of individual and social lives. The women play the important role as mother and the same makes it unique. However, careful analysis of Indian society indicates that the situation is not good for women folk. The sex ratio of male and female in the India population has beenRead MoreSocial Media Industry Analysis4065 Words   |  17 Pagesthe world’s third largest wireless telecommunications company, Global Organization Telecommunications (GOT). GOT provides wireless voice and data services to millions of customers worldwide and ranks third in terms of market share behind ATamp;T Mobility and Verizon Wireless. Global Organization purchased GOT in 1993 at which time, the company’s primary business was based in landline telecommunications. Three years later, Global Organization sold the company’s landline division after significantRead More AfricanAmerican Entrepreneurship Essay2471 Words   |  10 Pagesproblems are categorized by environmental factors, opportunity factors, and issues related to capital. The purpose of this paper is to provide sociological, and economical insight to the plight of African-American entrepreneurs. There is an effort to trace the development of African-American entrepreneurship throughout American history, in the post-reconstruction era to the present, in relationship to social conditions of discrimination. Uniquely, African-American entrepreneurs are involved in theRead MoreThe Global Context of Hrm and Hrd5106 Words   |  21 Pageson the labour market – having experienced net emigration for decades, Ireland is now the recipient of si gnificant immigration in relative terms. Furthermore, Ireland is highly networked into global capital markets, through significant flows of foreign direct investment and other forms of financial capital.’ (Lane.P) Ireland has enjoyed the successes of being a nation state since its break away from the then British colonies in 1922. Until then Ireland led a life of protectionism, which made workingRead MoreGlobalization or Glocalisation? Networks, Territories and Rescaling12782 Words   |  52 PagesAbstract This paper argues that the alleged process of globalisation should be recast as a process of ‘glocalisation’. ‘Glocalisation’ refers to the twin process whereby, ï ¬ rstly, institutional/regulatory arrangements shift from the national scale both upwards to supra-national or global scales and downwards to the scale of the individual body or to local, urban or regional conï ¬ gurations and, secondly, economic activities and inter-ï ¬ rm networks are becoming simultaneously more localised/regionalised and

Environmental Tourism of Yosemite National Park- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEnvironmental Tourism of Yosemite National Park. Answer: Yosemite National Park acts as the ultimate outdoor playground within U.S.A that offers opportunity for legendary hikes along with that of breath taking views. Winter covers Yosemite National Park in snow that helps in the creation of the perfect landscape in which the tourists can skate and involve themselves in the act of skiing. The Yosemite National Park is complete with scenic beauty that offers opportunities for rafting and biking. Yosemite National Park occupies a unique place within that of the tourism system because of the different kinds of thrills that it provides in the form of experience adventure. Yosemite National Park helps in inspiring awe along with wonder for the dramatic landscapes (Nps.gov, 2018). Yosemite stands as the classic example of that of glaciated landscape and the glaciers have helped in carving the domes of that of Tuolumne Meadows (Walden-Schreiner et al., 2017). This scenery formed the basis for the preservation of Yosemite as that of a national park . The changing scenery is created owing to the rock fall that helps in adding to the beauty of the Yosemite National Park. Water helps in the shaping of the landscape in different ways. Yosemite has a rich cultural history and the scientists and geologists associated with that of Yosemite National Park helps in protecting the tourists and the national park. Tourism to that of Yosemite National Park has helped in the creation of $ 686,339, 500 in terms of the economic benefits. A report relating to National Park Service has shown that there were around 5028868 visitors in the park in the year 2016 who have contributed an enormous amount of $ 520,629, 100 in different kinds of communities near that of the park (Rickly, 2017). The spending done by the visitors helped in supporting 7883 job within that of the local area. Yosemite National Park helps in welcoming the visitors from throughout the world and the park helps in introducing the tourists to this particular part of USA. A 2016 report suggested that the visitors in the park spend around 31.2 percent in that of the lodging, 27.2 percent in food, 11.7 percent in gas, 7.4 percent in that of local transportation and 2.5 percent in that of the camping fees. A report of US Geological Survey has shown that $ 18.4 billion was spent directly by that of 331 million park visitors. The spending was done within that of 60 miles of that of the National Park (Bradley, 2016). The huge amount of spending by the visitors helped in supporting 318,000 on national basis and more jobs can be found in the gateway communities owing to the tourism services provided by that of Yosemite National Park. Different kinds of environmental planning techniques have been adopted by Yosemite National Park that helps in protecting the environment for that of the future generation. The new actions that has been proposed can help in the restoring of the riparian areas and moving camping away from that of the river. The action alternatives that have been set forward with the help of Final Merced River Plan has proposed different kinds of development scenarios that can reduce the footprint on that of the ecological environment (Antadze, 2017). The actions that has been proposed in Alternative 5 has laid emphasis on that of riverbank restoration. The actions that has been proposed can help in protecting the cultural values of that of the Merced River that emphasized on restoring 189 acre pertaining to the riparian area. This can help in protecting the water quality along with that of the scenic view from that of the river. Protection of the historical districts can help in providing the future g enerations with opportunity that can help in connecting them to the rich heritage of that of the Yosemite Valley (Blaser, 2015) Tourism visitation has helped in increasing the number of roads along with facilities so that they can keep pace with that of the growing number of the visitors. These has led to habitat loss within that of the park and tis has increased the amount of pollution that are caused by the car emissions. A smog can be seen pervading the atmosphere of Yosemite National Park whi ch can prove to be harmful for all the species along with that of the vegetation of Yosemite National Park (Coccossis, 2016) It has been found with the help of recent report that there has been a rise in the number of vehicle traffic by around 30 percent. The noise pollution that is created by the vehicles destroys the natural noises of the park and the river banks that are close to that of the camp site has been destroyed by the visitors. Tourism visitation has thus destroyed the natural habitat. Certain primary changes have been implemented on account of the public comment and this has led to the removal of certain services from that of Yosemite Valley (Bunakov et al., 2015) The enacting of Draft Environment Impact Statement has suggested that west Yosemite Valley should be kept free of that of new development. The parking lot that was proposed for that of West Yosemite Valley was relocated to that of Environmental Impact Portal. Climate Change has affected the national parks along with that of the other tourist destinations to a great extent. The national parkers have to bear the brunt of that of changes taking place in the climate. The glaciers are disappearing and the alpine birds are shifting the migration pattern (Yosemite.ca.us, 2018) This will considerably reduce the beauty of the national parks and reduce the tourist visitation. The changes in the weather conditions will have an impact on that of the natural environment. It has led to a shift in that of the pattern of precipitation and promoted extremes in that of storm behaviour (Mowforth Munt, 2015) It will also lead to a decline in that of the coral reef. Global climate change will have an impact on the sub-alpine meadows and that of the giant sequoias. The dry conditions prevailing on account of climate change will reduce range pertaining to that of the forests. Climate change will also have effect on that of the water resources. Evaporation will increase on account of the increase in temperature and this would result in lower flow of that of the river. Intense precipitation will also lead to increased flooding and will lead to the melting of that of the snow packs. The sustainable development of tourism will require the engagement of the government at various levels. Tourism planning should make use of scientific methods along with tools that can help the stakeholders in relating to the different components. The local communities should have a say regarding how tourism should be managed. They should reflect on the agreed priorities and the setting up of structures can assist in the process of co-ordination between the different stakeholders. The tools that are balanced should be adopted that includes legislative instruments and that of Strategic Environmental Assessment. Plans should be developed that can help in preserving the destination values by the help of outlining different process that can help in monitoring change (TravelYosemite.com, 2018) Planning can help in addressing the negative impact in relation to extensive tourism operation. It can help in the process of evolution of that of the ownership pattern and the local assets like tha t of aesthetic value pertaining to the landscape. The certification system can help in bringing benefits for that of the local environment. More use pertaining to the eco labels can help in generation of environmental awareness in the tourists along with that of the host societies. References: Antadze, N. (2017). 2. National parks in the United States.The Evolution of Social Innovation: Building Resilience Through Transitions, 18. Blaser, M. K. (2015). Opportunities of an Interpretive Application for Self-guided Tourism within the National Park System. Bradley, M. (2016). The Impacts of Public Access at Yosemite National Park.Eden,19(4), 14. Bunakov, O. A., Zaitseva, N. A., Larionova, A. A., Chudnovskiy, A. D., Zhukova, M. A., Zhukov, V. A. (2015). Research on the evolution of management concepts of sustainable tourism and hospitality development in the regions.Journal of Sustainable Development,8(6), 39. Coccossis, H. (2016). Sustainable development and tourism: Opportunities and threats to cultural heritage from tourism. InCultural tourism and sustainable local development(pp. 65-74). Routledge. Mowforth, M., Munt, I. (2015).Tourism and sustainability: Development, globalisation and new tourism in the third world. Routledge. Nps.gov (2018) (U.S. National Park Service)..Nps.gov. Retrieved 13 April 2018, from https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/nature/index.htm Rickly, J. M. (2017). Choreographies of landscape: signs of performance in Yosemite National Park. TravelYosemite.com. (2018)| Lodging Year Round Activities | TravelYosemite.com..Yosemite. Retrieved 13 April 2018, from https://www.travelyosemite.com/ Walden-Schreiner, C., Leung, Y. F., Kuhn, T., Newburger, T., Tsai, W. L. (2017). Environmental and managerial factors associated with pack stock distribution in high elevation meadows: Case study from Yosemite National Park.Journal of environmental management,193, 52-63. Yosemite.ca.us. (2018).Yosemite: the Park and its Resources Historic Resource Study (1987) by Linda W. Greene.Yosemite.ca.us. Retrieved 13 April 2018, from https://www.yosemite.ca.us/library/yosemite_resources/

Reasons behind truancy

Introduction Truancy refers to unauthorised absentee from school during the compulsory going years. Several students skip schools for their own reasons and lose a lot in the education system. Different schools have various definitions for truancy but the number of truants is on the increase.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Reasons behind truancy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Truancy has been linked with delinquent behaviour in students and negative behaviour later in adulthood. The students who engaged in truancy in school are more likely to destructive behaviour and poverty in adulthood. The problem with truancy is widespread. The trend of truancy seems very fashionable to the extent of the truants sharing their ideas on how to skip classes on the internet. The truants waste their time because they miss an opportunity to acquire skills and knowledge for use in life and future careers. Moreover, the students who cut classes waste their parents’ money. The problem of truancy often is a symptom of underlying problems that cause students to skip classes. The reasons behind truancy are many and vary. Reasons for truancy Many factors contribute to truancy. There is no consensus on the causes of truancy because various groups often contest the factors. For instance, parents and students say that the main causes of truancy are school related. On the other hand, teachers, local authorities and staff believe that home and parents are the major causes of unauthorised absentee of students (Reid, 2008). The factors can be grouped into various broad categories. Student variables Students are unique in behaviour, which determines how they attend classes. Some students have low self esteem and they do not feel confident around other students and may decide to skip school because of the discomfort the presence of others causes especially if the others are deemed as self confident and outgoing. O ther students will skip school because of learning problems especially in reading or math to avoid the ridicule of the other students. Moreover, some may opt to cut classes because of unrecognized problems such as poor eyesight and hearing challenges (Baker et al, 2001). Such problems hinder the student from understanding the lessons taught by the teachers and fail. The failure in class causes shame or feelings of inadequacy and a student may develop a poor self-perception and result to truancy (Kyriacou, 2003). Poor people skills may also cause some students to skip school because they are unable to develop relationships with their fellow students hence feel socially isolated. Others skip school due to psychological instability, which leads to depression. Some may skip school due to alcohol or drug abuse (Parampumkattil, 2006).Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A student who engages i n substance abuse does not understand the importance of attending school regularly because the illegal substances interfere with their thinking capacity. Some students fail to attend school because of poor health especially if they spend most of the time in and out of hospital. Negative peer influence may cause some students to cut classes and fit in the groups of students who are not school oriented (Parampumkattil, 2006; Malcolm et al, 2003). The other reason that may cause a student to skip class is the fear of teachers or the school administrators. Other factors are bullying and a student would rather skip school than face bullies especially if there is no protection. Female students can also engage in truancy because of teen pregnancy. Parent factors Parents also contribute to the problem of truancy through enablement. Some parents work outside home for many hours and lack time to find out how their children are doing in school. The lack of attention from parents towards school work discourages some students from working hard (Reid, 2005). They skip school because the parents will not know. Some parents have a do not care attitude and think absenteeism from school is the school’s problem and hence he or she should not be involved. Some parents do not appreciate the value of education especially the ones with low or no academic qualification (Dalziel Henthorne, 2005). Poor parenting skills also promote truancy especially if the parents condone the bad behaviour. Some may condone truancy because they are afraid to confront the children and become bad parents. Instead, they prefer to be friends with their children and allow them to behave how they will and thus parents neglect their responsibility towards their children (Reid, 2008). Some parents have substance abuse problem and may neglect the children in terms of paying school feel, proving nutrition, clothes and health among others. Children lack basic needs and result in truancy (Parampumkattil, 2 006). Some of the parents abuse their children physically, sexually and emotionally and the students cut classes due to the harm done to them. Some parents may force the older children to look about his or her younger siblings during school days. The other problem is family instability especially in lone parent headed units. Children may skip school due to lack of proper authority. Moreover, poverty may cause the single parent to fail to provide for them (Reid, 2008). School variables Some schools lack a proper method of dealing with the problem of truancy and students do not fully appreciate the need of attending school. Minority students may feel out of place in some schools because of problems such racism.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Reasons behind truancy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The schools may also fail to embrace cultural diversity and leave out students who do not understand the schoolâ€⠄¢s culture. The attitude of the school, teachers, and students may determine how a student perceives school and in case of negative attitude, some students feel out of place and choose to skip classes (Attwood Croll, 2006). Some students have a problem with the school syllabus and consider some subjects a waste of time because the teachers fail to make them appreciate the value of the subjects (Southwell, 2006). Hence, students skip the classes they do not value (Baker et al, 2001). Lack of adequate guidance and counselling staff may cause some students to skip classes because they do not have anyone to listen to their problems. Low expectations from teachers can also cause truancy so is uninteresting curriculum (Parampumkattil, 2006). Community factors The community plays a major role in the success of a school. Communities that do not support schools often experience the problem of truancy. Negative influences in the community such as substance abuse and gang activity can lead t o truancy. Another factor in the community that can cause truancy is lack of adequate transportation especially if the schools are far from students’ homes (Parampumkattil, 2006). Upheavals in the community also cause truancy. Conclusion Truancy is a major problem in schools today. The symptoms of the trend ought to be tackled from the root to avoid the future problems that truants face. The stakeholders in a student’s education must work hand in hand to combat the problem and end the blame game. Measures must be put in place to deal with truancy and concerted effort employed. It is a well-known fact that truancy often leads to low academic achievement and in other cases dropouts (Zhang, et al, 2010). Students that drop out of school reduce their chances of meaningful employment and many never get job opportunities hence fall into a cycle of poverty. Truancy is a threat to the future of students and must be stamped out of the education system. References Attwood, G. C roll, P. 2006. Truancy in secondary school pupils: prevalence, trajectories and pupil perspectives. Research papers in Education, 21 (4), pp. 467-484. Baker, M.L, Sigmon, J.N. Nugent, E.M. 2001. Truancy reduction: Keeping students in  school. Web. Available at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/188947.pdf.Advertising Looking for report on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Dalziel, D., K. Henthorne, K. 2005. Parents/carers’ attitudes towards school  attendance. London: DfES Publications. Kyriacou, C. Helping troubled pupils. Cheltenham, Great Britain: Nelson Thornes. Malcolm, H., Y. Wilson, J. Davidson, J. Kirk. S 2003. Absence from school: A study of  its causes and effects in seven LEAs. Research Report 424. Nottingham: DfES Publication Parampumkattil, G. 2006. Truancy: a sociological study. Mittal Publications. Reid, K. 2008. The causes of non-attendance: an empirical study. Educational Review, 60 (4), pp 345-257. Reid, K. 2005. The causes, views and traits of school absenteeism and truancy.  Research in Education, 1 (74), pp. 59-84. Southwell, N. 2006. Truants on truancy-a badness or a valuable indicator of unmet special educational needs. British Journal of Special Education, 33 (2), pp. 91-97. Zhang et al. 2010. Truancy offenders in the juvenile system: A multicohort study.  Behavioural Disorders, 35 (3), pp. 229-242. This report on Reasons behind truancy was written and submitted by user Emmett Hewitt to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Each Culture Has Unique Characters

Each Culture Has Unique Characters Individual has several personalities that correspond to enlarging circles of group relationship. An individual think, act, and feel depending on the family, nationality, and personal attributes gained from different social setups, which he/she has a positive association. People try to gain self esteem by differentiating their group in a positive manner as opposed to the comparison to out-group members.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Each Culture Has Unique Characters specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Group relationships establish self categorization and facilitate options that favor the in-group at the expense of those outside the group (Fellmann, Getis and Getis 2008). A person has self concepts that result from the membership and a sense of belonging to a particular social group. This result in discrimination based on whether a person is in-group member or out-group. The in-group is an association of members with s imilar cultural practices while the out-groups members practice different cultures. A subculture is a group of individuals who forms a group with distinct characters from the larger culture, which differentiates them from the other members of the large culture (Trice, 1993). They have some visible affection such as music and clothing that differ from the dominant culture. The members of subculture use symbols and other gestures to pass information to other members. It is hard to identify members of a subculture because the dominant culture can adapt their styles. The dominant culture adapts to these sub-cultural traits for business purposes feeling that they are more fashionable than the rest. I was introduced to a subculture where most of my friends and age mates belong. This subculture sings praise and worship songs in a unique way. The in-group members ensure unison in their melodies and strive to achieve excellence in gospel music. During practice, we ensure that there is total co-ordination between the vocals and instruments played. The most unique feature of our subculture is that in our singing, we combine dances and voice, which must rhyme with the instruments played. This in-group has various values that hold the members together. The first is the degree to which a person associates him/herself to the group feeling from within that group membership is an aspect of members’ self-concept. The pursuit for positive characterization is found when members identify themselves as a group rather than as an individual. The other value is relation to the level unto, which the standing contexts provide bases for groups’ comparison (Fellmann, Getis and Getis2008). The group members come up with ways to compare themselves with out-groups to yield some unique differences that give them identity. This results in the possibility of displaying favoritism when an in-group is amid of self definition giving comparison to the out-group.Advertising Loo king for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are several activities that in-group members engage in leaving out the outsiders. The members organize economic activities that earn them some money. The come up with projects, which involve social funds, but the profit are exclusively for the youths. They elderly are involved to fund these projects, although the benefits that accrue to them are indirect. The in-group members ensure that they have government support by registering their groups so that they can benefit from the funds set aside for youth projects (Kaplan Lööw, 2002). Some of the benefits that have accrued to in-group members include; utilization of less energy as compared to the energy members use when working individually. In group members receive some favors that are not enjoyed by outsiders. Another benefit is that individual’s self esteem is built due to the sense of belonging that comes as a result of associating with a group. When self esteem is developed the productivity of the group is increased, which is beneficial not only to in-group members, but to the entire society. In conclusion, each culture has subgroups with members who find identity through them. These sub culture groups benefit individuals and society at large. The extent to which these in-groups are formed should be reasonable to avoid discrimination and biasness in provision of essential services. References Fellmann, J., Getis, A., Getis, J. (2008). Human Geography: Landscapes of Human Activities. 10th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 10. Kaplan, J., Lööw, H. (2002). The cultic milieu: Oppositional subcultures in an age of globalization. Walnut Creek, Oxford: AltaMira Press. Trice, H. M. (1993). Occupational subcultures in the workplace. Ithaca, NY: ILR Press.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Each Culture Has Unique Characters specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Summary of the Russian Civil War

Summary of the Russian Civil War Russia’s October Revolution of 1917 produced a civil war between the Bolshevik government – who had just seized power - and a number of rebel armies. This civil war is often said to have started in 1918, but bitter fighting began in 1917. Although most of the war was over by 1920, it took until 1922 for the Bolsheviks, who held the industrial heartland of Russia from the start, to crush all opposition. Origins of the War: Reds and Whites Form In 1917, after the second revolution in one year, the socialist Bolsheviks had seized command of Russia’s political heart. They dismissed the elected Constitutional Assembly at gunpoint and banned opposition politics; it was clear they wanted a dictatorship. However, there was still stiff opposition to the Bolsheviks, not least of which from the right-wing faction in the army; this began to form a unit of volunteers from hardcore anti-Bolsheviks in the Kuban Steppes. By June 1918 this force had survived great difficulties from the infamous Russian winter, fighting the ‘First Kuban Campaign’ or the ‘Ice March’, a near continuous battle and movement against the Reds that lasted over fifty days and saw their commander Kornilov (who may have attempted a coup in 1917) killed. They now came under the command of General Denikin. They became known as the ‘Whites’ in contrast to the Bolsheviks ‘Red Army’. On the news of Kornilovâ€⠄¢s death, Lenin announced: â€Å"It can be said with certainty that, in the main, the civil war has ended.† (Mawdsley, The Russian Civil War, p. 22) He could not have been more wrong. Areas on the outskirts of the Russian empire took advantage of the chaos to declare independence and in 1918 almost the whole periphery of Russia was lost to the Bolsheviks by localized military revolts. The Bolsheviks stimulated further opposition when they signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany. Although the Bolsheviks had gained some of their support by pledging to end the war, the terms of the peace treaty – which gave substantial land to Germany – caused those on the left wing who remained non-Bolshevik to split away. The Bolsheviks responded by expelling them from the Soviets and then targeted them with a secret police force. In addition, Lenin wanted a brutal civil war so he could sweep away the substantial opposition in one bloodletting. Further military opposition to the Bolsheviks also emerged from foreign forces. The Western powers in World War 1 were still fighting the conflict and hoped to restart the eastern front in order to draw German forces away from the west or even just stop the weak Soviet government allowing Germans free reign in the newly conquered Russian land. Later, the allies acted to try and secure the return of nationalized foreign investments and defend the new allies they’d made. Among those campaigning for a war effort was Winston Churchill. To do this the British, French and US landed a small expeditionary force at Murmansk and Archangel. In addition to these factions, the 40,000 strong Czechoslovak Legion, which had been fighting against Germany and Austria-Hungary for independence, was given permission to leave Russia via the eastern fringe of the former empire. However, when the Red Army ordered them to disarm after a brawl, the Legion resisted and seized control of local facilities including the vital Trans-Siberian Railway. The dates of these attacks – May 25th, 1918 – are often incorrectly called the start of the Civil War, but the Czech legion did swiftly take a large territory, especially when compared to the armies in World War 1, thanks to seizing almost the entire railway and with it access to vast areas of Russia. The Czechs decided to ally with anti-Bolshevik forces in the hope of fighting against Germany again. Anti-Bolshevik forces took advantage of the chaos to coalesce here and new White armies emerged. The Nature of the Reds and Whites The ‘Reds’ - the Bolshevik-dominated Red Army, which was hastily formed in 1918 - were clustered around the capital. Operating under the leadership of Lenin and Trotsky, they had a uniform agenda, albeit one that as the war continued. They were fighting to retain control and keep Russia together. Trotsky and Bonch-Bruevich (a vital ex-Tsarist commander) pragmatically organized them along traditional military lines and used Tsarist officers, despite socialist complaints. The Tsar’s former elite joined in droves because, with their pensions canceled, they had little choice. Equally crucially, the Reds had access to the hub of the rail network and could move troops around quickly, and controlled the key supply regions for both men and material. With sixty million people, the Reds could muster greater numbers than their rivals. The Bolsheviks worked with other socialist groups like the Mensheviks and SRs when they needed to, and turned against them when the chance w as there. As a result, by the end of the civil war, the Reds were almost entirely Bolshevik. On the other hand, the Whites were far from being a unified force. They were, in practice, comprised of ad hoc groups opposed to both the Bolsheviks, and sometimes each other, and were outnumbered and overstretched thanks to controlling a smaller population over a huge area. Consequently, they failed to pull together in a unified front and were forced to operate independently. The Bolsheviks saw the war as a struggle between their workers and Russia’s upper and middle classes, and as a war of socialism against international capitalism. The Whites were loath to recognize land reforms, so didn’t convert the peasants to their cause, and were loath to recognize nationalist movements, so largely lost their support. The Whites were rooted in the old Tsarist and monarchical regime, while Russia’s masses had moved on. There were also the ‘Greens’. These were forces fighting, not for the reds of the whites, but after their own goals, like national independence – neither the Reds or Whites recognized breakaway regions - or for food and booty. There were also the ‘Blacks’, the Anarchists. The Civil War Battle in the civil war was fully joined by the middle of June 1918 on multiple fronts. The SRs created their own republic in Volga – ‘Komuch’, aided greatly by the Czech Legion - but their socialist army was beaten. An attempt by Komuch, the Siberian Provisional Government and others in the east to form a unified government produced a five-man Directory. However, a coup led by Admiral Kolchak took it over, and he was proclaimed Supreme Ruler of Russia (he had no navy). However, Kolchak and his right-leaning officers were highly suspicious of any anti-Bolshevik socialists, and the latter were driven out. Kolchek then created a military dictatorship. Kolchak was not put in power by foreign allies as the Bolsheviks later claimed; they were actually against the coup. Japanese troops had also landed in the Far East, while in late 1918 the French arrived through the south in the Crimea and British in the Caucuses. The Don Cossacks, after initial problems, rose and seized control of their region and started pushing out. Their siege of Tsaritsyn (later known as Stalingrad) caused arguments between the Bolsheviks Stalin and Trotsky, an enmity which would greatly affect Russian history. Deniken, with his ‘Volunteer Army’ and the Kuban Cossacks, had great success with limited numbers against larger, but weaker, Soviet forces in the Caucasus and Kuban, destroying a whole Soviet army. This was achieved without allied aid. He then took Kharkov and Tsaritsyn, broke out into Ukraine, and began a general move north towards Moscow from across large parts of the south, providing the greatest threat to the Soviet capital of the war. At the start of 1919, the Reds attacked Ukraine, where rebel socialists and Ukrainian nationalists who wanted the region to be independent fought back. The situation soon broke down into rebel forces dominating some regions and the Reds, under a puppet Ukrainian leader, holding others. Border regions like Latvia and Lithuania turned into stalemates as Russia preferred to fight elsewhere. Kolchak and multiple armies attacked from the Urals towards the west, made some gains, got bogged down in the thawing snow, and were pushed well back beyond the mountains. There were battles in Ukraine and surrounding areas between other countries over territory. The Northwestern Army, under Yudenich – very skilled but very small - advanced out of the Baltic and threatened St. Petersburg before his ‘allied’ elements went their own way and disrupted the attack, which was pushed back and collapsed. Meanwhile, World War 1 had ended, and the European states engaged in foreign intervention suddenly found their key motivation had evaporated. France and Italy urged a major military intervention, Britain and the US much less. The Whites urged them to stay, claiming that the Reds were a major threat to Europe, but after a series of peace initiatives failed the European intervention was scaled back. However, weaponry and equipment were still imported to the Whites. The possible consequence of any serious military mission from the allies is still debated, and Allied supplies took a while to arrive, usually only playing a role later in the war. 1920: The Red Army Triumphant The White threat was at its greatest in October 1919 (Mawdsley, The Russian Civil War, p. 195), but how great this threat was is debated. However, the Red Army had survived 1919 and had time to solidify and become effective. Kolchak, pushed out of Omsk and vital supply territory by the Reds, tried to establish himself at Irktusk, but his forces fell apart and, after resigning, he was arrested by left-leaning rebels he’d managed to totally alienate during his rule, given to the Reds, and executed. Other White gains were also driven back as the Reds took advantage of overreaching lines. Tens of thousands of Whites fled through the Crimea as Denikin and his army were pushed right back and morale collapsed, the commander himself fleeing abroad. A ‘Government of South Russia’ under Vrangel was formed in the region as the remainder fought on and advanced  out but were pushed back. More evacuations then took place: nearly 150,000 fled by sea, and the Bolsheviks shot tens of thousands of those left behind. Armed independence movements in the newly declared republics of Armenia,  Georgia, and Azerbaijan were crushed, and large portions added to the new USSR. The Czech Legion were allowed to travel east and evacuate by sea. The major failure of 1920 was the attack  on  Poland, which followed Polish attacks into disputed areas during 1919 and early 1920. The worker’s revolt the Reds were anticipating didn’t happen, and the Soviet army was ejected. The Civil War was effectively over by November 1920, although pockets of resistance struggled on for a few more years. The Reds were victorious. Now their Red Army and Cheka could focus on hunting down and eliminating the remaining traces of White Support. It took until 1922 for Japan to pull their troops out of the Far East. Between seven and ten million had died from war,  disease, and famine. All sides committed great atrocities. Aftermath The failure of the Whites in the civil war was caused in large part by their failure to unite, although because of Russia’s vast geography it’s hard to see how they ever could have provided a united front. They were also outnumbered and  outsupplied  by the Red Army, which had better communications. It’s also believed that the failure of the Whites to adopt a program of policies which would have appealed to the peasants – such as land reform – or the nationalists – such as independence – stopped them gaining any mass support. This failure allowed the Bolsheviks to establish themselves as rulers of the new, communist USSR, which would directly and substantially affect European – and world – history for decades. The Reds were by no means popular, but they were more popular than the conservative Whites thanks to land reform; by no means an effective government, but more effective than the Whites. The Red Terror of the Cheka was more effective than the White Terror, allowing a greater grip on their host population, stopping the sort of internal rebellion which might have fatally weakened the Reds. They outnumbered and outproduced their opponents thanks to holding the core of Russia, and could defeat their enemies piecemeal. The Russian economy was massively damaged, leading to Lenin’s pragmatic retreat into the market forces of the New Economic Policy. Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania were accepted as independent. The Bolsheviks has consolidated their power, with the party expanding, dissidents being quelled and institutions taking shape. Quite what effect the war had on the Bolsheviks, who started with a loose grip on Russia with little established, and ended firmly in charge, is debated. For many, the war happened so early in the lifespan of the Bolshevik’s rule that it had a massive effect, leading to the party’s willingness to coerce by violence, use highly centralized policies, dictatorship, and ‘summary justice’. A third of Communist party (the old Bolshevik party) members who joined in 1917 – 20 had fought in the war and gave the party an overall feeling of military command and unquestioned obedience to orders. The Reds were also able to tap into the Tsarist mindset to dominate.

Life and Works of Burrhus Frederic Skinner Research Paper

Life and Works of Burrhus Frederic Skinner - Research Paper Example His father was a lawyer and his mother stayed at home. Perceptibly, he grew up in an intellectual and conventional household. As a youth, he was described to have difficulties in being socially accepted. One unfortunate event that happened in his life is when his brother died due to cerebral hemorrhage. Unlike any other usual adolescent, he did not actually like participating in the usual college social gatherings. Instead, he was more focused on critiquing authorities. He mainly did this through his journalism. Moreover, he proclaimed himself as a person who does not believe in God in spite of the fact that he was studying in a religiously devout school. After finishing his bachelor’s degree in English Literature, he decided that he would be a writer. He then worked for a newspaper in New York. He did not really become actualized in his first career. Skinner got inspired by the works of Ivan Pavlov and James Watson. Afterwards, he went back to school and got his masters and d octorate in psychology at Harvard. He got married with Yvonne Blue in 1936 and they had two daughters. He then worked at Indiana University’s psychology department. In 1948, his career went back to Harvard until his death in 1990. Works Skinner is known as a psychologist, author, educator, and philosopher. He published many books and journals regarding his theories. He devoted much of his life improving his researches. Lots of his experiments centered on measuring responses to various kinds of stimuli. Until his retirement, he worked on analyzing the human behavior. Skinner became famous for the air crib. It was also known as the baby tender. One of his daughters was raised using this invention. The contraption was made to alleviate Yvonne’s difficulties and worries in caring for their baby. It was fashioned with glass panels as well as with air conditioning. The air crib was invented with the aim to promote the general welfare of infants. In 1994, Skinner was inspired to make this invention when he found out that he would have a second child. In fact, the air crib was commercialized and marketed to around 300 families. It was found to be effective in soothing children and in manipulating the temperature especially during extreme weather. Furthermore, he became known for his book, Walden II. It is about a society run by behavioristic rules (Skinner, 1974). His book talks much about his theory which is called operant conditioning. This simply means that a behavior is affected by the response to that certain behavior. For instance, a child would tend to be obedient when his mother gives him candy as a reward. To concretely illustrate this concept, he devised an experiment. He utilized a special cage well-known as a â€Å"Skinner Box† (Shultz, 2012). It is otherwise called the operant conditioning box. The container has a lever that makes food pellet come out when pressed. The pellet acted as a reinforcing stimulus. When the rat accidentally pushed the bar and food came out, it repeated its behavior. Since the rat got rewarded for pressing the lever, he repeated the same action with the expectancy of having another positive feedback. After some time, the rat kept on pressing the lever until a number of pellets were piled. However, when no food pellet will come out, the rat will learn that its behavior does not result to a reward. Hence, it will learn to stop pushing the lever. Skinner termed this as extinction. Consequently, the rat’s first behavior will resurface if the reward would be returned. In addition, the schedules of reinforcement affect the learning of behavior. In his many experiments, the time and interval of giving rewards influence the rat’

The Marijuana Controversy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Marijuana Controversy - Essay Example Another influencing factor in this regard is increased risk of accidents and criminal activity associated with marijuana. The proponents of legalization of marijuana, mainly the left wing activists and the Libertarians argue that the war pertaining to the drug is a failing one because; those imprisoned in regard to the drug are not cured of their addiction despite being in jail. Hence it would be more appropriate to legalize marijuana and control its transactions pertaining to purity, taxing and trafficking, like alcohol and tobacco. Legalization allows more control of the drug trafficking and safer and also more responsible use of the substance. The advocates of legalization also opined that crimes associated with marijuana would decrease in case it was legalized (Rawson, n.p). In about 14 states, mainly in the West, marijuana is allowed for medical purposes and several thousands of patients are seeking relief from many ailments through marijuana (Edmund, 5).

Philosophy of Richard Rorty Essay Example for Free

Philosophy of Richard Rorty Essay In his philosophy as ‘edifying’ Rorty is at the midst of explaining the conceptual framework of the nature of philosophy in the past, present as well as the future. According to him, his philosophical framework comprises of editing the works and other philosophical conceptual thoughts. He thinks that, what other philosophers talk about philosophy in the ancient times, the modern and the future are unworthy and needs pragmatic changes to adequately meet philosophical reasoning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, in his philosophizing capacity, he has met various opposition from the community. They term his philosophy as unpalatable and without full exploration to the authentic nature of philosophical thoughts. Elsewhere, they accuse his philosophical thought as implausible with pragmatic thought, unclear, unconvincing and with full of misappropriation. However, a portion of the population argues that such philosophy is humanly liberating with profound image of exhilaration. According to his proposes, his philosophy provides a conception of changing imagery of the critique of philosophy in the real worldview. Since his philosophy comprehends challenge to the works of great thinkers, it would be illogical to undermine at a close range of his activity. Elsewhere, he made a fast sensibility and also formal response the cultural biography of philosophical adventures with the pragmatic world and   his system of philosophizing which comprise of finding, naming and/or creating new hypothetical philosophical literature is perhaps the best way to gain and create philosophical knowledge. (http://www.crvp.org/book/Series03/III-13/chapter_x.htm) However, his philosophical sense is illusionary and incoherent to the factual knowledge search. His attack to the philosophical literatures is based on fallacious context which is only aimed at bringing personal tribute to the broad society. In my personal capacity, I think Richard is out of philosophical senses to edify the coherent philosophical biographies which have done a lot to shadow down global dogmatism. His edifying activity is only made to retract the accuracy of philosophical teachings from its liberal coherency.   (http://www.crvp.org/book/Series03/III-13/chapter_x.htm) Reference Rorty: From Philosophy To Post-Philosophy. Retrieved on 10th March 2008, from   http://www.crvp.org/book/Series03/III-13/chapter_x.htm

The Tyger Essay -- essays research papers

â€Å"The Tyger† Ana Melching Does god create both gentle and fearful creatures? If he does what right does he have? Both of these rhetorical questions are asked by William Blake in his poem â€Å"The Tyger.† The poem takes the reader on a journey of faith, questioning god and his nature. The poem completes a cycle of questioning the creator of the tyger, discussing how it could have been created, and then returns to questioning the creator again. Both questions about the tyger’s creator are left unanswered. William Blake uses rhythm, rhyme, and poetic devices to create a unique effect and to parallel his theme in his work â€Å"The Tyger.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  William Blake’s choice of rhythm is important to his poem â€Å"The Tyger† because it parallels the theme of the poem, that the tyger may have been made by god or another harsher creator. Most of the poem is written in trochaic tetrameter as can be seen in line three, when Blake says, â€Å"What immortal hand or eye.† This rhythm is very harsh sounding, exemplifying the very nature of the tyger. Some of the lines in the poem were written in iambic tetrameter, such as in line ten, when Blake says, â€Å"Could twist the sinews of thy heart? .† Iambic tetrameter has a much softer sounding beat than does trochaic tetrameter. This implies the gentle nature of god, and if he could create such a beast. The last word of each quatrain is written in a spondee. This h...

Discuss how the following stories from the gothic tradition create suspense and which is the more successful? Essay

The short story is an ideal form for writers who want to create a sense of terror or horror. Discuss how the following stories from the gothic tradition create suspense and which is the more successful? The first gothic Novel was written by Horace Walpole and was called ‘The Castle of Otrando.’ It was written in 1764 and after this gothic literacy exploded and became very popular. The imaginative stories often lacked any real worth but were published world wide to satisfy the public. They were bought by a lot of young women. The excitement and fantasy of the stories added interest to the otherwise boring lives of these Victorian women. The main features of Gothic stories are ruined buildings and graveyards, a foreign setting, a solitary character, a persecuted heroine, mysterious disappearances and supernatural occurrences, insanity, sexuality, pathetic fallacy, exaggerating language, multiple narrators and a use of horror or horror. Stories usually contain quite a few of these but not all of them. These ideas were wild and exotic to the Victorian people. Many had never travelled abroad and insanity was a major fear during these times. Gothic short stories use horror or horror to frighten the audience and keep them reading. Horror and horror are both related to fright but they are different things. Horror is more a build up of fear and usually only hints at alarming things and lets you imagination do the rest until you are terrified of what is going to happen. Horror is about what you have seen and can relate to a past experience you have seen. Horror is more shocking and is what you can see at that moment. Both lead to a different effect in gothic short stories. The first of the stories I am considering is ‘The Madman’s Manuscript,’ by Charles Dickens. The story is written in the form of an embedded narrative. The man, Mr Pickman, cannot sleep and he reads the tale of a madman in an asylum. The horror of the story already begins to build as the ‘strange handwriting,’ and ‘soiled and blotted,’ paper is described. This gives you a sense that there is something not right about this man. Mr Pickmans fear is obvious as the title ‘gave him a sudden start.’ During the Victorian ages, when this story was written, people had a fascination with insanity as there was no cure and it was dangerous and unpredictable. This story takes advantage of the fear. The manuscript becomes hysterical and this plays on the idea of insanity making you lose control. The opening word,’ yes- a madman’s!’ builds the horror as you are aware of this mans condition. The words in the first paragraph, like ‘roused the horror,’ ‘blood hissing and tingling through my veins,’ ‘my knees knocked together with fright,’ and ‘the glare of a madman’s eye,’ emphasise the tone and describe the madman’s fear of insanity and increase the tension as you begin to feel his fright. The tone of the story changes as in the second paragraph, as the man’s past is described. He is from a family of insanity and he fears throughout his lie that he shall also become insane. ‘I knew that madness was mixed up with my very blood, and the marrow of my bones.’ Words like ‘cowered, screamed and crouched,’ help you experience this mans visions and fears and increase the tension as you realize he is turning mad and it is only a matter of time. As the dreaded madness finally comes upon our main character, the tone changes again as the madman is happy about his freedom from the fear, ‘at last it came upon me, and I wondered how I could ever have feared it.’ He describes how happy his life is as he hides his insanity and enjoys life. He fears his friends finding out his secret but finds it amusing ‘to think how pale he (his friend) would have turned, and how fast he would have run, if he had known that the dear friend†¦ was a madman with all the power.’ The madman felt in control of his life at this point and ‘it was a merry life!’ He becomes rich and continues to hide his insanity from the world as he wishes to marry a beautiful young woman. He is not pleased with the fact that the girl, who he marries, does not love him and wishes to be with another man, she is typical of a gothic story as she is beautiful, helpless and persecuted but as we are not really given any ideas of her character or her name, it is hard to sympathise with her. When the madman discovers his wife’s true feelings his is driven to pity ‘the wretched life to which her cold and selfish relations had doomed her,’ and we begin to fear for the girl as he talks about her death. He fears her giving birth ‘to some ill-fated being, destined to hand down madness to its offspring.’ The final line of this paragraph shocks us as he ‘resolved to kill her.’ He talks about the many ways in which he wants to kill his wife and we fear for her safety and the viciousness of the madman as he discussed the many cruel ways of killing her like poison, drowning or fire. The attempted killing of the girl is described in great detail as it builds the horror and tension of the scene. The man is also cunning as when she awakes and begins to scream he hides his insanity and instead lets the house believe it is she who is mad. The horror increases in the story as the mans insanity increases and he goes ‘into the open fields†¦ and laughed till the air resounded with my shouts.’ The girl dies the next day and he pretends to mourn his loss even though he had killed her. The man becomes restless and he ‘felt that before long my secret must be known.’ The horror of what he will do next returns. This is increased as he describes his struggle as, ‘I ground my teeth, and struck my feet upon the floor, and drove my nails into my hands. I kept it down.’ When the man’s brother-in-law visits him and he kills him, his secret is found out and the man is locked up in an asylum. The description of the ‘grey cell where the sunlight seldom comes,’ adds to the horror of the story as the place is described as a prison and many people would fear turning mad like this man and ending up in this horrible place. The note at the end speaks about how perhaps the man was driven mad by the fear of insanity, rather than it being inherited. The sensationalist language throughout the piece adds to the horror as the situation is exaggerated and seems worse than it is. The second story is ‘Strange Events in the Life of Schalken the Painter,’ by J.S. Le Fanu. This story focuses more on terror as we do not discover what happens to our heroine during her marriage. The foreign setting of Holland made the story more exciting to the Victorian readers as this was a strange, exotic place where they had never been. The story is again set in the embedded narrative. The narrator heard the story of Schalken after he saw a painting by him in the house of Captain Vandal, a man he once visited. The story is told to the man by the Captain. Schalken is a young man working for Gerard Douw. He worked hard for his master as he was in love with Douw’s niece, Rose Velderkaust. Schalken was ‘a poor man,’ and his love for Rose makes us feel sympathy for him. He works hard for her and we want him to be rewarded for his hard work with her hand in marriage. The scene is set for the arrival of the mysterious stranger. The silence and darkness gives an eerie and sinister atmosphere. The ‘short, sudden laugh,’ breaks this atmosphere and the terror at what it could be builds. The dark description of the mysterious man and the fact that the man’s face is not seen makes the man peculiar and we wonder who he could be. As the man disappears and cannot be seen walking away from the building, it is suggested that this man could be supernatural. When the man reappears the next day, his strange image is continued. He gives Schalken some jewellery to be valued and his wealth is shown. He asks Douw if he can have Rose’s hand in marriage and the painter accepts. The stranger keeps his face hidden and words like ‘mysterious,’ and ‘unexpected,’ build terror as we don’t know who this man is. When we finally hear the description of the man, it is gruesome. His face is ‘coloured with the bluish leaden hue,’ and he has ‘two lone, discoloured fangs.’ This gives us the impression he is a vampire and there is something paranormal about him. Rose’s shock and fright at the man adds to the terror as the reader knows she must marry him. Rose is forced to marry the cruel and ugly man. She then seems to disappear and although Gerard Douw tries to search for her and her husband, he cannot find them. The mystery of this adds to the terror of the story. One night Rose rushes into the room and her typical gothic heroine image is gone. She is no longer beautiful and virginal but ‘wild and haggard.’ er The The shock of Douw and Shalken is obvious and we are terrified at the state of the girl. She is described in a way that makes her seem almost insane, which would petrify the Victorian public. She demands not to be left alone and says ‘I am lost forever if you do!’ The almost supernatural occurrence if a shadowy figure adds to the terror as you are unsure why the girl is in a panic and what is happening. When the clergyman arrives he is unsympathetic and you fear all hope is lost for the girl. As Douw leaves to get another candle the girl screams for him not to leave but it is too late. The door swings shut and they could not get it open again. The girl shrieks. This story is more terrifying than ‘The Madman’s Manuscript,’ as there is no description of the girl’s death and you are left to imagine what is happening to her. The shrieks stop and a ‘light step is heard crossing the floor, as if from the bed to the window,’ and we think perhaps Rose has escaped but ‘no trace of Rose was ever found.’ The mystery of her death leaves you wondering where she is and if she survived. The final part of the story is set years ahead of the rest of the story and we are given the sense that Schalken never forgot Rose. Schalken has a vision about Rose and her husband and it again we feel there is something supernatural about the story. There are no explanations given for the disappearance or his vision and it lets you imagine what you think has happened. Both stories create tension and suspense. ‘The Madman’s manuscript,’ creates horror and is more visual than ‘Strange events in the life of Schalken the Painter,’ but it is not successful in maintaining suspense. The story is very extravagant and it is difficult to sympathise with the characters. The suspense is built up in ‘Strange events in the life of Schalken the Painter,’ as it is mysterious with strange characters and Schalken, the hero with whom we can easily sympathise. The sense of something supernatural makes the story seem even more exotic and unrealistic and the use of terror makes the story more enjoyable, in my opinion, as you use your imagination to think about what has happened to the characters. For these reasons, I feel ‘Strange events in the life of Schalken the Painter,’ uses terror better than ‘The Madman’s manuscript.’

Problem Set

GENERAL BIOCHEMISTRY Problem Set No. 1 Answered by: Andrea Rose A. Fajardo of BSFT 2-1N 1. Calculate the pH of a dilute solution that contains a molar ratio of potassium acetate to acetic acid (pKa=4. 76) of: a. 2:1 pH = 4. 76 + log[2]/[1] = 4. 76 + 0. 3010 = 5. 06 b. 1:4 pH = 4. 76 + log[1]/[4] = 4. 76 + (-0. 6021) = 4. 16 c. 6:5 pH = 4. 76 + log[6]/[5] = 4. 76 + 0. 0792 = 4. 81 d. 2:3 pH = 4. 76 + log[2]/[3] = 4. 76 + (-0. 1761) = 4. 58 e. 9:1 pH = 4. 76 + log[9]/[1] = 4. 76 + 0. 9542 = 5. 71 2. A buffer contains 0. 01mol of lactic acid (pKa=3. 86) and 0. 05mol of sodium lactate per liter. a. What is the resulting pH of the buffer? H = 3. 86 + log[0. 05]/[0. 01] = 3. 86 + 0. 6990 = 4. 56 b. Calculate the change in pH when 5mL of 0. 5M HCl is added to 1L of buffer. 5mL of 0. 5 mol/L 5mL * 1L/1000mL = 0. 005L 0. 005L * 0. 5 mol/L = 0. 0025mol NaC3H5O3 = 0. 05mol – 0. 0025mol = 0. 0475 C3H5O3 = 0. 01mol – 0. 0025mol =0. 0075 pH = 3. 86 + log[0. 0475]/[0. 0075] = 3. 86 + 0. 8016 = 4. 66 †¢ 4. 55-4. 66 = 0. 11 is the change in pH c. What pH change would you expect if you added the same quantity of HCl to 1L of pure water? [H+] = (0. 0025mol)(1L) = 0. 0025M pH = -log 0. 0025 = 2. 60 3. The structure of the amino acid of isoleucine is given at the right. a. How many chiral centers does it have? 2 b. How many optic isomers? 4 c. Draw the perspective formulas for all the optical isomers of isoleucine. [pic] 4. A peptide has the sequence: Glu-His-Trp-Ser-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly a. What is the charge of the molecules at pH 4 and 11? (Use pKa values of those in the ppt) |pH |NH3+ |Glu |His |Arg |COO- |Net Charge | |4 |+1 |-1 |0 |+1 |-1 |0 | |11 |0 |-1 |0 |+1 |-1 |-1 | . What is the pI for the peptide? | |pKaCOOH |pKaNH3 |pKaR | |Glu |2. 19 |9. 67 |4. 25 | |His |1. 82 |9. 17 |6. 04 | |Trp |2. 83 |9. 39 | | |Ser |2. 1 |9. 15 | | |Gly |2. 34 |9. 60 | | |Leu |2. 63 |9. 60 | | |Arg |2. 17 |9. 04 |12. 48 | |Pro |1. 99 |10. 60 | | |Gly |2. 4 |9. 60 | | 2. 34 6. 04 9. 67 12. 48 pI = 6. 04 + 9. 67 / 2 = 7. 85 5. Histidine has three ionisable functional groups. Write the equilibrium equations for its three ionizations and assign the proper pKa for each ionization. Draw the structure of histidine in each ionization state. What is the net charge of the histidin e molecules in each ionization state? STRUCTURE OF IONIZATION IN EACH IONIZATION STATE [pic] NET CHARGE Structure |Net Charge | |+H3N–CH–(RH+)–COOH |+2 | |+H3N–CH–(RH+)–COO- |+1 | |+H3N–CH–(R)–COO- |0 | |H2N–CH–(R)–COO- |-1 | ———————– -2 +1 +2 -1 0

Patrick Dwyer Essays

Patrick Dwyer Essays Patrick Dwyer Essay Patrick Dwyer Essay Where The Wild Things Are As humans we instinctively feel the need and desire to belong. When we truly belong to something we achieve a sense of acceptance, love and togetherness. ‘Where The Wild Things Are’ by Maurice Sendak is a children’s book that explores the concepts of belonging and in contrast, not belonging. It is a very simple story accompanied by large, rich pictures. The text and pictures complement each other, each enriching the sense of alienation for the responder. Max is a mischievous young boy who displays aspects of childhood irritation and loneliness. He lives in a world with limited freedom as he is a child. It becomes clear to the responder through the positioning of the character on the page, the vector of the boy’s angry gaze as well as the neutral, bland colours used that Max feels like he doesn’t belong in the world he calls home. The pictures at the beginning of the story are quite unengaging compared to the bright, richly textured pages that follow. This sense of not belonging leads to Max fantasising and creating a whole new world within his imagination. In this world Max is king, there is no one to tell him what to do and how he must act. In this place Max is completely accepted and the most important part of the wild things world. Max wears a wolf suit during the story, it shows the responder that Max is disguising who he really is and that the suit enables him to escape from reality. Whilst Max is wearing this suit he becomes a wild thing and he thinks that his behaviour is acceptable. Max is pushing his family away, but he is also wishing to obtain a sense of belonging, love and acceptance. He finds this sense of belonging with his new wild friends. Throughout the text, the composer portrays a range of emotions felt by Max. He finally gets what he wants, a place of unlimited freedom and acceptance, but still is not happy. He needs to be â€Å"where someone loves him best of all†. So he returns to the comfort and familiarity of his bedroom, where his mum had left his supper, still warm. Framing is an important visual element of ‘Where The Wild Things Are’ as Max’s imagination grows, the illustrations get larger until they fill the whole page. Early in the book, before Max’s imagination takes him to the land of the wild things, we see a hand drawn picture of a wild thing hanging on his wall. He has thought about the wild things before and has been forming a plan in his mind. Max has often felt like he doesn’t belong and has imagined belonging somewhere else, in an imaginary world where he makes all the rules and is king. The text regularly refers to Max as ‘king’, but he doesn’t appear to be enjoying his job much. He looks sad, bored and lonely and begins to long for his home, which is a place where he does belong. ‘Where The Wild Things Are’ links quite closely to the set text ‘Romulus, My Father’. Both texts contain an informative tone and both contain the central theme of belonging. Both texts use imagery to represent the sense of not belonging, which then leads to belonging. In ‘Where The Wild Things Are’ the lack of belonging is shown through Max’s escape from reality, but then the sense of belonging is shown through Max’s desire to return home, to which he realises is where he belongs. This links to the set text ‘Romulus, My Father’ where the lack of belonging is shown through Romulus’s inability to reduce the cultural barrier between him and the rest of the community, but then the sense of belonging is shown when the community look at how hard Romulus works and therefore appreciate him, in which he belongs. By Pat Dwyer

French Love Vocabulary

French Love Vocabulary French is often called the language of love. Here is some love related French vocabulary. To know how to say I love you in French - its more complicated than what it seems and not knowing exactly what you are saying could lead to a huge embarrassment, I suggest you check out my lesson about How To Say I Love You in French. French Love Vocabulary Lamour - loveLamitià © - friendshipMon amour - my love (could be used as a French term of endearment, either for a man or a woman)Mon chà ©ri, ma chà ©rie - darling (note the i sound at the end)Je taime - I am in love with youJe laime - I am in love with him/herJe suis amoureux / amoureuse de toi, lui, elle, vous... - I am in love with you, him, her, you (formal or... plural !)Tomber Amoureux / amoureuse - to fall in love (not tomber en amour which is used in Canadian French but not in France)Est-ce que tu veux sortir avoir moi - would you like to go out with me ?Est-ce que tu veux bien mà ©pouser - would you marry me? The bien here means are you willing to marry me, but its what we traditionally say.To kiss - embrasser, sembrasser. WATCH OUT !!! Not baiser... Im sorry to be vulgar but you need to be aware that un baiser is fine, it a kiss, but baiser as a verb nowadays means to f..k.A kiss - un baiser, un bisou - I wrote a whole article on the subject of  French kisses.Les fia nà §ailles - engagement Se fiancer - to get engagedUn fiancà ©, une fiancà ©e - someone you are engaged to. But sometimes used to say someone you are just dating.Le mariage - marriage, wedding (only one R in French)Se marier avec qqun - to get married with someoneÉpouser quelquun - to marry someoneLa lune de miel  - HoneymoonUn mari - a husbandUne femme - a wifeUn petit-ami - a boyfriendUne petite-amie - a girlfriend If you liked this article, I suggest you take a look at my  French terms of endearment audio article, and also the  French dating system explained  on my own site French Today. You may also like: Dialogue About Kissing - Easy Bilingual StoryHow To Say I love You in FrenchFrench Canadian Love ExpressionsFrench Valentines Day Traditions and Vocabulary - Easy Bilingual Story

International Migration Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Migration - Term Paper Example It is through migration that many international criminals are able to hide their activities. International migration also lead to pressure on social facilities in different countries and this often leads to conflicts between citizens. The entry of illegal immigrants in many countries leads to increase in petty offenders and criminals, when such illegal immigrants are unable to survive or find jobs abroad. The illegal migrants usually hide from the authorities in the host countries and they face cruel treatment but they also are unable to seek justice from the legal systems. Consequently, many criminal activities are committed against them by the citizens of such countries. The security of the host country is threatened when more people that had not been planned for by the security agents in all situations. The security facilities become overstretched and therefore unable to ensure adequate security to all members. Any country may risk capital flight when migrants move resources to th eir countries of origin. Consequently, economic resources are taken out of a country illegally to benefit other countries. Part 2 International migration produces benefits to their home countries and to the host countries depending on many situations. To their countries of origin, the migrants remit finances to their home countries. This often results into large sums of money being sent from well developed counties to developing countries. Such resources help in developing countries from which migrants came. International migration is more hurting to men due to pressure on men to provide in many families. The negative effects of international migration are loss of human resources, and the brain drain when countries lose their highly qualified people to other... The researcher of this term paper discusses international migration, that is the movement of people from one country to another due to many reasons. International migration has consisted of people moving from their country of birth for many reasons and this movement involves millions of people each year. The migrants range from less educated to highly educated professionals who move from their own countries that may have scarce resources. The low skilled workers also move to seek better wages abroad because the benefits outweigh the disadvantages. When people move from one country to another, they enter new countries whose laws they may not understand. Internal migration may also involve individuals whose characters are not known. It is through migration that many international criminals are able to hide their activities. International migration has remained one of the main issues that impact the lives of all people around the globe. International migration, that was discussed in the paper involves many issues that must be considered by those moving to foreign lands. The reseracher then concluds that this international movement of people has both positive and negative consequences to the individuals, their families, and the national economies as well. Legal migration can help boost the lives of individuals when all legal procedures are followed. Iover a million many countries deal with. Many countries have created legal provisions to curb the surge of illegal migrants to their borders.

(Emergency Management) 2001 D.C.Sniper Case Study

(Emergency Management) 2001 D.C.Sniper - Case Study Example John Allen Muhammad was the man behind the sniper attacks, carrying out the shootings from his modified vehicle. Muhammad had an accomplice by the name Lee Boyd Malvo (Mehrotra, 2006). A number of preliminary shootings had taken place before the killer moved to Washington area. Several people were killed and several injured, surviving bullet wounds after being shot from a distance. A number of sniper attacks took place in Washington area, with some victims surviving while others died. These attacks followed the September 11 terrorist attacks in New York. On the second day of October, 2002, a gunshot was fired into a craft store that was owned by a man called Michael at around 5:20 pm. In this incident, fortunately, no one was injured in the incident. There had been previous attacks in Alabama, Los Angeles, Maryland, Virginia and Washington D.C, but this incident was not quickly connected to them (Turvey, 2011). The Aspen Hill incident marked the beginning of a trail of incidents in the Washington D.C area. On the same day that the Aspen Hill incident occurred, James Martin was shot dead at around 6:30 pm. Martin was shot at a grocery store’s parking lot in Wheaton. James Buchanan became a victim of the shooter on the 3rd of October, 2002. The incident took place at Rockville Pike, when the victim was mowing grass. On the same day, Premkumar Walekar succumbed to gunshot wounds in Aspen Hill when he was refueling his car. The incident took place at around 8:12 am. The 3rd of October, 2002 also saw the death and injury of several people at different times of the day. Sarah Ramos died at 8: 37 am after she was shot in Rossmoor Boulevard, seated on a sidewalk bench reading a book. At 9:58 am, Lori Ann was killed at a gas station in Kensington, Maryland. This marked the end of the morning trail of killings, but the day was yet to realize more killings later. Pascal Charlot was shot later that day in Georgia Avenue at around 9:15 pm. He barely

Nielsen Nugget Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nielsen Nugget - Case Study Example Also, according to competitiveness, it has the lowest yet it constitutes of the large amount spent by consumers compared to other segments. Therefore more targets to this attitudinal group will help the company to take the advantage of the slight growth in the market. Based on the behavior of different consumer under different conditions, among those who use the Premium people type of coffee, the old singles and couples would be appropriate to target with promotions. This is because they compose of the largest population in the market and by attracting them to use premium people more sales will be realized and hence awesome beans would be able to take the advantage of the slight growth in the coffee market. Some of the promotion strategies that could be used in this demographic segment includes: better and enhanced packaging, better distribution strategies, direct marketing, advertising, publicity and sales promotion. This will ensure that the target demographic group has all the information regarding the product, hence they will consume more of it. These promotions will also make the product more competitive and hence the profitability of the product will be enhanced. The other demographic group to target with promotions would be young families because this comprises of the second largest consumers in the market, if most of them could turn to the use of the product, more profits would be realized. Know about the composition of the population and their income trends in the global market and how they affect marketers. This will help in selecting the best strategy of marketing and the channel of distribution of the product Premium people. It is important to consider and understand how the population growth is shifting in different areas and for different age groups. This will help the awesome bean company to plan for the future. It will also help to cope with competition as demand changes with a change in population. Distribution

Humanity Is The Only Religion Theology Religion Essay

Humanity Is The Only Religion Theology Religion Essay Humanity is an important part of life which tells that to help others, try to understand other and realize the people problems with our own eyes and try to help them For showing humanity you dont need to be a rich person, even a poor person can sow humanity by helping someone or sharing his or her food, etc. When you show humanity you have a feel click or a pinch from your inner soul which you cannot get from something else. Every religion tells us about humanity, peace and love that is why no religion is higher than humanity. I should like to help everyone if possible, Muslims, Hindus, Christines, Jew, gentile, black men, white. We all want to help one another; human beings are like that. We all want to live by each others happiness, not by each others misery. We dont want to hate and despise one another. In this world there is room for everyone and the earth is rich and can provide for everyone. Charlie Chaplin (http://www.quotes.net/mquote/38952) Yeah today I will tell stories of three people who are the biggest example of humanity and they are human lover. Firstly just imagine yourself I fill this class with garbage how will you feel like you will not stay in this but there is one who go in that garbage search there and you what he found. He found a dead body of child he took that body washed it and buried that body and from that day he used to search in garbage with his wife this man is no other than Mr. Abdul Sattar Edhi the lover of humanity . He is the founder and head of the Edhi Foundation, a non-profit social welfare organization in Pakistan. He is the man who serve is whole life serving for humanity without any selfishness. He has bathed and buried over a thousand unclaimed bodies in a time when selfishness and greed are at their peak and nobody seems to know the meaning of words like altruism and selflessness. His achievements in the field of charity are bound to make one think that his name is synonymous to nobility and humanity. And today he is running Pakistan biggest network of ambulances and shelter. Moreover his charity does not discriminate based on religion, race or gender. For him, religion is human rights. Edhi has spent many sleepless nights working and serving for humanity whether it is to bury unclaimed bodies or feeding any poor. Besides it he lives a simple life living in small house many of times he used to sleep on the concrete or on the small batch outside his shop his qualities makes him the man of simplicity and human being lover. As Edhi Said: No religion is higher than Humanity Secondly I will talk tell you about a person who is basically a Pakistani but he is living in Canada he had son named as Ali and his son was 18 years old this man lost his son in accident. The accident was like that his son was working part time as pizza delivery boy when he was on the way for the delivery one black guy who was also of his age come before him and said him money but Ali was honest with his job he refuse that and that guy shoot him that time. When Alis father came to know about his sons death he was in shock and after few days police caught the person who killed his son and called Alis father to come when he reach there he came to know that boy who killed his son is 18 years old he is orphan u people know at that time what he said u guys cant believe it Alis father said I dont want to do any case on this boy I want to adopt this boy and want to take all responsibilities of this boy because today I lost my son I dont want tomorrow somebody else lose his 18 years old son . Just for a minute place yourself on the place of Alis father what will be you feeling your 18 years old son shoot dead. Alis father this act of humanity raise whole mankind and today he has 4 orphanages in Canada where he take responsibility of around 800 children. Thirdly the person I am talking about is the well-known personality the person who give us world cup in 1992 he is great leader and humanity lover he is Imran Khan. Most notable among his humanitarian efforts has been the establishment of Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, named after his late mother. It is Pakistans first and only cancer hospital that provides 75% free health care, and was built on public donations. Imran is now building a second hospital in Karachi, based on the successful Lahore model. In 1994, he inaugurated Namal College, a technical college which is now an associated college of University of Bradford. (http://www.imrankhanfoundation.org/about-ikf/the-board/) Although these people do things for humanity on larger scale we should come on ourselves what we have do for humanity every day we spend our time hanging around with friends going outside for parties have we ever feed a poor person on the road have we ever realize how poor people live their lives no we havent because we never realize that for what we are in this world we never realize our duties towards humanity. We should must realize for what we are in this world because every religion teach us humanity and one who serve humanity is the happiest man on the globe real happiness is your inner satisfaction which you can get by serving humanity what so ever how much you are rich you cant buy inner happiness. In last I would only say to any religion you belong be a human first be a human lover strive for humanity as every religion teach us humanity and share your life with others as life is all about living for others and serving humanity that is why no religion is higher than Humanity so start serving for humanity from today by doing a small of act of kind what gives you inner happiness and satisfactions Thank you

Restricting the Production, Distribution, and Sale of Pornography in Ca

Many women have been mistreated at one point or another in their lives.   This form of abuse assumes many forms and is not always visible to the naked eye.   One of these such hardships that women of the 20th century have had to face is the struggle for equality.   In Canada, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms affords women full equality before and under law and equal protection and benefit of the law.1   But yet, this society openly contributions to the production, sale, and distribution of pornography which implies that women are second class citizens.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Destroying these stereotypes which portray women as slaves, objects, toys, and mindless, sex-driven beings must be accomplished in order for women to attain true equality.   The censorship of pornography is not in violation of the Freedom of Expression guaranteed in section 2 (b) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms since pornography drastically compromises a woman's right to equal treatment as was pro ven by the R v. Butler ruling of 1992, it makes those portrayed in pornography subject to acts of violence, and it corrupts the moral fiber of society. During the 1960's and 70's, North America saw the rise of a counterculture movement which instigated societal change.   During this time period, the Women's Liberation movement was able to establish females as being equal to males in virtually every aspect.   It is this movement that educated society about the role of women in society being equal to the role of man.   Many people however, now consider that women's liberation has been achieved;   but this is far from the case.   Despite being officially recognised as contributing members of society (achieved in 1982 with the final draft of the Constitution Act), as section 28 of... ... 11 Ibid.   Pg. 793 12 Ibid.   Pg. 793 13 Ibid.   Pg.   793 14 Baird, Robert M. and Stuart E Rosenbaum.   Pornography - Private Right or Public Menace.   Pg. 51 15 Ibid.   Pg. 52 16 Ibid.   Pg. 52 17 Kaihla, Paul.   Sex and the Law.   MacLean's.   Pg. 31 18 Statistics obtained from Angus Reid Website.   See Works Cited List 19 Ibid. 20 Orr, Lisa.   Censorship:   Opposing Viewpoints   Pg. 186 21 Ibid.   Pg. 191 22 Ellen Harris, Lesley.   Highlights of Bill C-128 - Child Pornography 23 Kaihla, Paul.   Sex and the Law.   MacLean's.   Pg. 32 24 Ibid.   Pg. 32 25 Ibid.   Pg. 33 26 Ibid.   Pg. 33 27 Baird, Robert M. and Stuart E Rosenbaum.   Pornography - Private Right or Public Menace   Pg. 52 28 Ibid.   Pg. 52 29 Canadian Government Report.   Report of the Special Committee on Pornography and Prostitution. 30 Ibid.    Restricting the Production, Distribution, and Sale of Pornography in Ca Many women have been mistreated at one point or another in their lives.   This form of abuse assumes many forms and is not always visible to the naked eye.   One of these such hardships that women of the 20th century have had to face is the struggle for equality.   In Canada, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms affords women full equality before and under law and equal protection and benefit of the law.1   But yet, this society openly contributions to the production, sale, and distribution of pornography which implies that women are second class citizens.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Destroying these stereotypes which portray women as slaves, objects, toys, and mindless, sex-driven beings must be accomplished in order for women to attain true equality.   The censorship of pornography is not in violation of the Freedom of Expression guaranteed in section 2 (b) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms since pornography drastically compromises a woman's right to equal treatment as was pro ven by the R v. Butler ruling of 1992, it makes those portrayed in pornography subject to acts of violence, and it corrupts the moral fiber of society. During the 1960's and 70's, North America saw the rise of a counterculture movement which instigated societal change.   During this time period, the Women's Liberation movement was able to establish females as being equal to males in virtually every aspect.   It is this movement that educated society about the role of women in society being equal to the role of man.   Many people however, now consider that women's liberation has been achieved;   but this is far from the case.   Despite being officially recognised as contributing members of society (achieved in 1982 with the final draft of the Constitution Act), as section 28 of... ... 11 Ibid.   Pg. 793 12 Ibid.   Pg. 793 13 Ibid.   Pg.   793 14 Baird, Robert M. and Stuart E Rosenbaum.   Pornography - Private Right or Public Menace.   Pg. 51 15 Ibid.   Pg. 52 16 Ibid.   Pg. 52 17 Kaihla, Paul.   Sex and the Law.   MacLean's.   Pg. 31 18 Statistics obtained from Angus Reid Website.   See Works Cited List 19 Ibid. 20 Orr, Lisa.   Censorship:   Opposing Viewpoints   Pg. 186 21 Ibid.   Pg. 191 22 Ellen Harris, Lesley.   Highlights of Bill C-128 - Child Pornography 23 Kaihla, Paul.   Sex and the Law.   MacLean's.   Pg. 32 24 Ibid.   Pg. 32 25 Ibid.   Pg. 33 26 Ibid.   Pg. 33 27 Baird, Robert M. and Stuart E Rosenbaum.   Pornography - Private Right or Public Menace   Pg. 52 28 Ibid.   Pg. 52 29 Canadian Government Report.   Report of the Special Committee on Pornography and Prostitution. 30 Ibid.   

Two Views of the Mississippi

Two Views of the Mississippi Before beginning his vocation of being an author Samuel Clemens better known by his pen name Mark Twain, fulfilled his one lasting childhood ambition of becoming a steamboat pilot. Twain writes about his journey on the river in his autobiographical book Life on the Mississippi where in one section he talks about how one thing he would have to do is learn to distinguish the two views of the Mississippi, the beauty of the river and the navigational aspect of the river.I believe that one of the main messages is that even though you may love something, as time goes on you lose the beauty and innocence you had one seen in it. He describes this message through the use of figurative language and well placed rhetoric as he juxtaposes the ideas of the beauty and practicality of the Mississippi River. Mark Twain begins the first section of this excerpt with the statement that he â€Å"had mastered the language of this water†, which in all reality is actually a hyperbole, or an exaggeration, because nothing, ranging anywhere from breathing to performing a surgery, is ever truly able to be perfected or mastered.He uses this hyperbole at the beginning of this section to show how advanced he was in the knowledge of the river in that part of time. Twain then move on to use an oxymoron to describe the features of the river that he had â€Å"mastered† as â€Å"trifling†, or unimportant, saying that he knew every â€Å"trifling feature† along the river as he â€Å"knew the letters of the alphabet† with this he is saying that he knew all of these features of the river very well and to him they seemed irrelevant and saying he made a â€Å"valuable acquisition†.He uses this language to show us that all of the things along the river that he deals with everyday are irrelevant and unneeded. At the end of this section Twain juxtaposes this statement completely by calling all of these features â€Å"useful. † This language works because it creates a paradox with what he had previously said to show. This paradox shows that even though he may have said that this language is unimportant he actually does find it useful and needed in being a steamboat pilot.Twain carries on to say that he had lost something also, saying all of the beauty that he had once seen in the river was all gone except for one â€Å"wonderful† sunset that he experienced when he was new to steamboating. He describes the sunset with a metaphor saying â€Å"a broad expanse of the river was turned to blood† saying that the river is actually blood; this also personifies the river giving the river the human characteristic of having blood. Whereas later in the section Twain juxtaposes and begins the next bigger paradox with this by saying later in the piece that all the sun meant was that they were going to have wind the next day.Twain then describes the color of the water saying â€Å"in the middle distance the red hue brightened into gold. † He also talks about the other memorable sights that he saw on the Mississippi that night such as a log floating by and how in one place the water was smooth and there was a â€Å"slant mark lay sparkling across the water† and in another the â€Å"surface was broken by boiling tumbling rings that were as many-tinted as an opal. † Mark Twain uses a simile to describe the way that the sunset made a tree on the shore look by comparing to a glowing flame saying that â€Å"a single leafy bough glowed like a flame. He uses other romantic words to describe the condition of the water and the surroundings such as â€Å"delicately traced† and â€Å"graceful curves and that the lights of the sunset were covering his surroundings â€Å"with new marvels of colors. † The reason that Twain uses all of this figurative language and tools of figurative language is to in essence describe the beauty he saw that night in a way that it w ould paint in picture in the mind of the audience.He then goes on to juxtapose all of these previous features that he witnessed during the subject by describing that all that the â€Å"floating log means the river is rising† and that â€Å"slanting mark refers to a bluff reef† that could â€Å"kill somebody’s steamboat† and he continues to explain that all of the other sights he saw that night of the sunset were simply just nautical phenomena that he must watch out for to keep the steamboat out of danger.. All of these sights and contradictions that he made conclude the large paradox that Twain had set in this piece.These two sections also juxtapose each other in the sense of the style of language used. In the first section Twain uses more poetic or romantic type of language such as â€Å"river was turned to blood† and â€Å"single leafy bough glowed like a flame† to show and describe the beauty in what he had witnessed. Whereas in the secon d section Twain uses a more realistic style of language when he describes that all the things he saw were all just evidence of the changes in the river such as the sun meant that there was going to be wind the next day and the log meant that the water was rising or that the tree with the ingle branch would stand as a landmark to help guide him down the river. The language in these two sections differs so drastically because of the fact that Twain had gained more knowledge and experience in being a steamboat pilot and in his understanding in the river, and with this gained knowledge and experience all of the assets he had seen as beautiful and that astounded him during that memorable sunset had turned into simply just dangers that he had to look out for routinely as a steamboat pilot.The language difference in these sections reiterate the message of this piece being that as you gain knowledge and experience in something you lose the innocence you once had and in turn all the beauty a nd enjoyment fades and it seems to become merely a routine. It also shows how Mark Twain first saw so much beauty in the river when he was new to steamboating that he was â€Å"in a speechless rapture† and how as he gained experience and knowledge the beauty that the river had once held for him began to slowly diminish until it was completely gone and became simply signs that he must look for while piloting his steamboat down the river.Twain starts off in the next section of this excerpt describing the wonderment that the sunset he experienced had brought to him saying that he stood â€Å"like one bewitched†¦in a speechless rapture† and stated that â€Å"the world was new† to him and that he â€Å"had never seen anything like this at home. Not long after this he continues on and says that he â€Å"began to cease from nothing the glories and charms which the sun and the twilight wrought upon rivers face† and that â€Å"if that sunset scene had been repeated, I should have looked upon it without rapture†, this describes how he has lost all of the sense of beauty that the river had held during that sunset. He even says that at one time he altogether ceased to take notes of what he noticed on the river, which means that at one point he had completely lost interest in observing and learning about the river.This entire section is a complete contradiction to the previous section in which he described the beauty that the sunset held and how â€Å"a broad expansion of the river was turned to blood† to saying that none of that was correct that that â€Å"the romance and beauty were all gone from the river† and it was merely just all in all signs that a steamboat pilot needs to look out for when piloting a steam boat saying â€Å"all the value†¦was the amount of usefulness it could urnish toward compassing the safe piloting of a steamboat. † I believe that the river is a metaphor for all things that are l ost as time passes, because as the river lost its beauty to Twain, Twain also lost the whole hearted ambition that he had as a child to be a steamboat pilot. In the final paragraph of this excerpt Twain goes on to explain that all of the beauty that he had once seen in the river was nonexistent now.He then explains how he feels sorrow for everyone who has had all of the beauty they once saw in something simply fade away from them to where they ended simply in a routine-like life style like what Twain had happen to him. He finishes this passage with four rhetorical questions using a doctor, which I believe represents society, and a beautiful patient, which is representative of all the beautiful things in life, as an example asking if the doctor ever even notices the beauty in his patient or if he just works strictly in a professional, or routine, manner.He ends this excerpt with the most powerful question saying â€Å"and doesn’t he sometimes wonder whether he has gained most or lost most by learning his trade† it is in whole the message of this piece saying that someone may see beauty or enjoyment in certain aspects of life, but as you progress in gaining the knowledge and experience you lose your innocence and the beauty and enjoyment you had once seen fades to black and that passion becomes a task or a routine that you have to go through day after day; in a sense it is saying is it better to know few details and see the true beauty in things or would you rather understand all the details but see no romance or beauty? I believe that by this whole doctor scenario he actually asking does society even see the beauty in life or do they simply see what they need to see?Throughout this entire excerpt from his autobiographical piece Life on the Mississippi, Mark Twain talks about his life as a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi River, he talks about how he once saw such beauty and had so much fascination in the Mississippi River but as time progressed and he gained more and more knowledge and experience that beauty and wonderment he once saw began to disappear into just the things that became signs that he had to look for while piloting a steam boat just for safety. While doing this he has uses an extensive amount of rhetoric and figurative language to try to send a warning to his audience of the message that this piece holds. Twain uses this piece to warn his audience to the fact that as you gain knowledge on some aspect in your life you begin to lose your innocence, and with that loss of innocence something that may have once fascinated you so much may seem to lose the enjoyment it once held and eventually that part of your life will become simply a routine and machine-like habit.